Effecting factors validity or Reliability

Validity effecting factors

Reliability effecting factors




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children with special needs

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Children with special needs require extra care, love, attention and teaching. Children with special needs include those who: Mental retardation and slower development than other children. Language disorders such as problems expressing one and understanding others. Types of children with special needs Special needs children divert from the normal children or in the negative direction. The types of special needs children are following as: Children with Hearing impairment Children with visual handicap Children with mental retardation Children with learning disabilities Children with speech handicaps Children with multiple handicaps Children with orthopedic handicap Children with emotional disturbance Children with superior intellectual ability or gifted children   Children with creative talents Children with social disadvantage Children with delinquent tendencies Main types of special need children There are four major types of special needs children in inclusive education:   Physical B
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Grading system

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What is grading? Grade is an alphabetical or numerical symbol or mark that indicates the degree to which intended outcomes have been achieved. The main purpose of grades is to communicate how well a student is doing in the various subject areas. Types of grading: Percent grading Percentage grade is calculated by dividing the earned points by the total points possible. In percent grading involves averaging score and converting them to a percent. Norm referenced grading In norm referenced grading involves rank ordering students and expressing at given students achievements in relation to the achievement. We see the performance and compare with the group fellows. Normal- Curve grading In the extreme from the norm referenced grading is based on an assumption of a normal distribution and is fixed percentage of student receiving each grade. Some students must receive failing grades regardless of their actual level; of achievement.  Pass- Fail grading A pass/fail grading does not fulf
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Research tools or Instrument

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  Research tools or Instrument General guidelines for constructing Questionnaire ·         Questions should be brief and attractive. ·         The questionnaire should be easy to response. Items/ Statement 1.    Items should be directly related with objective. 2.    Items should be structure according to specific guidelines. 3.    Each item should deal with single concept. 4.    Unanimous questions should not be asked. 5.    Avoid leading questions. 6.    Avoid series of the questions. Interview Interview is qualitative research method which means to collect information from candidates is one to one mode. Interview questions are usually open-ended questions so that in-depth information will be collected.
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